What does the follicle produce and release during the menstrual cycle?

During the menstrual cycle, the follicle primarily produces and releases estrogen, making this choice the correct answer. In the first half of the menstrual cycle, known as the follicular phase, developing follicles in the ovaries produce increasing amounts of estrogen as they mature. This hormone plays a crucial role in regulating the cycle, particularly in preparing the endometrium (the lining of the uterus) for a potential implantation of a fertilized egg.

As estrogen levels rise, it stimulates the thickening of the uterine lining and the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. A surge in LH triggers ovulation, leading to the release of the egg. Therefore, the main function of the follicle in this context is the production of estrogen, which has significant effects on both reproductive and overall health.