What is the role of the Na/K pump in a neuron?

The sodium-potassium pump (Na/K pump) is essential for maintaining the resting membrane potential and restoring it after an action potential occurs. In neurons, this pump actively transports sodium ions out of the cell while bringing potassium ions back in, using ATP as an energy source.

When a neuron is at rest, there is a higher concentration of sodium ions outside the cell and a higher concentration of potassium ions inside the cell. After an action potential, the membrane becomes depolarized as sodium channels open, allowing sodium to rush into the neuron. This influx of sodium changes the membrane potential, but once the action potential has concluded, the Na/K pump works to restore the original ion distribution. By doing this, it re-establishes the negative internal environment of the neuron, crucial for the cell to be ready for subsequent action potentials. This restoration is vital for the overall excitability and functionality of neurons, which is why this answer is the most accurate representation of the Na/K pump's role in neurons.