Which hormone is known for stimulating the adrenal cortex?

The hormone known for stimulating the adrenal cortex is adrenocorticotropic hormone, commonly abbreviated as ACTH. ACTH is produced by the anterior pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in the body's stress response by telling the adrenal cortex to produce and release corticosteroids, particularly cortisol. Cortisol is vital for helping the body manage stress and is involved in numerous functions, including metabolism, immune response regulation, and maintaining blood pressure.

When the body experiences stress, whether physical or emotional, ACTH is released into the bloodstream, acting directly on the adrenal glands. This stimulation prompts the release of cortisol, which then helps to mobilize energy reserves, suppress non-essential functions, and prepare the body to respond effectively to the stressor.

Understanding the function of ACTH is important for grasping how the endocrine system coordinates responses to various stimuli, particularly stress, and how this regulation is essential for maintaining homeostasis in the body.